Final answer:
Charles II restored the monarchy in 1660.
Step-by-step explanation:
D) Charles II restored the monarchy in 1660.
After the English Civil War, which resulted in the execution of Charles I, England was ruled as a Commonwealth without a monarch. However, in 1660, the monarchy was restored when Charles II, the son of Charles I, returned from exile and ascended to the throne.
Charles II ruled as king until his death in 1685, marking the end of the period known as the Interregnum and the restoration of the Stuart dynasty.
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