Answer: B. Subordinate clause (dependent clause)
Step-by-step explanation:
The given clause "Whoever turns in the assignment early" is a subordinate clause.
A subordinate clause, (also known as a dependent clause), is a clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence because it does not express a complete thought. It relies on an independent clause to form a complete sentence.
In this case, the clause "whoever turns in the assignment early" cannot stand alone as a complete sentence because it lacks a subject and a verb. It is dependent on an independent clause to give it meaning and make it a complete thought.
So to give an example, let's combine the subordinate clause with an independent clause to create this sentence: "Whoever turns in the assignment early will receive extra credit." Here, the independent clause "will receive extra credit" provides the necessary information to complete the thought started by the subordinate clause.