Final answer:
Plate tectonics is the theory that explains how the Earth's lithosphere is divided into plates that move and interact with each other, causing geological phenomena such as earthquakes and volcanic activity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Plate tectonics is a scientific theory that explains how the Earth's lithosphere is divided into several large and small plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath. These plates are constantly moving and interacting with each other, resulting in various geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountain ranges.
For example, the Pacific Ring of Fire is a region where several tectonic plates meet, leading to a high concentration of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. The movement of plates can also cause the formation of oceanic trenches, like the Mariana Trench.
Understanding plate tectonics helps scientists study and predict natural hazards associated with tectonic activity, and it also explains the distribution of continents and the shapes of landforms on Earth.
Learn more about Plate tectonics