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anna and brenda are playing a game. they repeatedly toss a coin. anna wins if 3 heads appear. brenda wins if 3 tails appear. the heads and tails do not need to be consecutive. what is the expected number of coin tosses for a winner to be determined?

User DaRich
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Final answer:

On average, it takes 4 coin tosses for a winner to be determined in the game between Anna and Brenda.

Step-by-step explanation:

To find the expected number of coin tosses for a winner to be determined, we can consider the probability of each outcome at each toss. Let's start with the first toss: there are two possibilities, either a head or a tail. Since the coin is fair, the probability of getting a head or a tail is 1/2.

If Anna wins, we need to consider the probability of getting 2 heads in the first two tosses and then a 3rd head. The probability of getting 2 heads is (1/2)^2 = 1/4, and the probability of getting a 3rd head is 1/2. Multiplying these two probabilities, we get (1/4)*(1/2) = 1/8.

Similarly, if Brenda wins, we need to consider the probability of getting 2 tails in the first two tosses and then a 3rd tail. The probability of getting 2 tails is (1/2)^2 = 1/4, and the probability of getting a 3rd tail is 1/2. Multiplying these two probabilities, we get (1/4)*(1/2) = 1/8.

Since both Anna and Brenda winning are exclusive events, we can add their probabilities to find the total probability of winning on the first toss: 1/8 + 1/8 = 1/4. So, on average, it takes 4 tosses for a winner to be determined.

User Tathagata
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