Final answer:
The first farmers in the world are believed to have resided in the Fertile Crescent, which encompasses parts of modern-day Middle East. This farming revolution started around 10,000–12,000 years ago, eventually spreading to other parts of the globe.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first farmers in the world are believed to have resided in an area often referred to as the Fertile Crescent, encompassing parts of modern-day Iraq, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Palestine. This farming revolution started around 10,000–12,000 years ago, almost simultaneously with the Agricultural Revolution, and was likely triggered by the climate warming after the last Ice Age. Agriculture gradually propagated to other parts of the world as well, such as the Indus, Yangtze, and Yellow rivers valleys in India and China, the highlands of New Guinea, Sub-Saharan Africa, the eastern USA, central Mexico, and northern South America. The Fertile Crescent, notably, had the appropriate conditions for people to shift from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settled farming. Here, people began to domesticate wild grasses, leading to the creation of wheat and barley. Further, places like northeastern Mexico, Andes Mountain region of South America, Danube River valley in Europe, and central Africa also saw the germination of early agriculture practices. The practice of farming reached as far as South Asia, with Neolithic settlement of Mehrgarh located in modern Pakistan, showing evidence of barley farming as early as 7000 BCE.
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