Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
The bureaucracy of the federal government is responsible for carrying out the day-to-day functions of government. This includes implementing and enforcing laws, regulating industries, providing public services, and managing government programs. The bureaucracy is made up of various agencies, departments, and offices, each with their own specific responsibilities and functions.
Two ways that the bureaucracy of the government is held accountable are through political oversight and through the use of performance metrics. Political oversight refers to the role that elected officials, particularly Congress, play in monitoring and controlling the actions of the bureaucracy. This can include holding hearings, conducting investigations, and passing legislation that affects the activities of government agencies. Performance metrics, on the other hand, involve setting specific goals and measures for agency performance and evaluating their success in meeting these objectives. This allows for greater transparency and accountability in the use of government resources and the delivery of services to the public.
Reforming patronage is important because it ensures that the bureaucracy is staffed by qualified individuals who are selected based on their skills and experience, rather than political connections or loyalty. Patronage, which is the practice of hiring or promoting individuals based on their political affiliations or personal relationships, can lead to a lack of meritocracy and undermine the effectiveness of government agencies. By implementing merit-based hiring and promotion practices, the bureaucracy can attract and retain the best and brightest talent, which ultimately benefits the public.
Option 1: The size of government can impact how the bureaucracy is held accountable. In a small government, there are fewer agencies and departments to manage, which can make it easier for elected officials and the public to monitor their activities. However, in a big government, with more agencies and departments, it can be more challenging to ensure accountability. To address this issue, big governments may need to implement additional measures such as regular audits, performance evaluations, and increased transparency to ensure that the bureaucracy is operating effectively.
Option 2: Congress and the courts are two branches of government that can hold the bureaucracy accountable. Congress can conduct oversight hearings, request reports, and pass legislation that affects agency operations. The courts can also review agency actions and decisions to ensure that they are in compliance with the law. Through these mechanisms, Congress and the courts can act as a check on the bureaucracy and ensure that it is serving the best interests of the public.