Step-by-step explanation:
1a. Coptic Christianity emerged in Egypt in the 1st century AD, following the preaching of Saint Mark. The Coptic Church was formed due to theological disagreements with the Eastern Orthodox Church, as well as political and cultural factors.
1b. Christianity served as a unifying factor for the people of Ethiopia because it was the basis of their national identity and cultural heritage. The Ethiopian Orthodox Church played a major role in the country's history and politics, and Christianity helped to establish a sense of unity and pride among Ethiopians.
2a. The Bantu migrations from West Africa to southern Africa brought with them new agricultural techniques, ironworking skills, and social organization. They introduced new crops, such as maize and millet, and domesticated animals, which allowed for more settled and sustainable communities.
2b. There are different theories about the purpose of the ruins at Great Zimbabwe, but some historians and archaeologists argue that they were the center of a powerful empire that controlled trade and agriculture in southern Africa. This theory suggests that Great Zimbabwe was a political and economic hub that played a significant role in shaping the region's culture and history.
3a. Swahili means "coastal" in Arabic and refers to the people and language of the East African coast. The Swahili language is a Bantu language with significant Arabic influence due to the long history of trade and cultural exchange along the coast.
3b. The arrival of Islam in North Africa was mainly through conquest and colonization, which led to the spread of Arabic language and culture. In contrast, the arrival of Islam in East Africa was through trade and peaceful conversion, which led to the emergence of a unique Islamic culture that blended African and Arab elements.
3c. If the people in East Africa had not accepted the presence of Muslim traders, their culture and history would have been very different. The influence of Islam on East Africa has been significant in terms of religion, culture, and politics. Without the presence of Muslim traders, the Swahili culture would not have emerged, and East Africa would have had a different history and identity.
Christianity and Islam have had a significant impact on African culture and society. They have both influenced the development of art, music, literature, and architecture. Christianity and Islam have also contributed to the spread of education and literacy in Africa. However, their arrival has also led to conflicts and tensions between different groups, as well as cultural and religious syncretism. For example, in Ethiopia, the Ethiopian Orthodox Church has incorporated elements of traditional African religion into its practices, while in West Africa, Islam has blended with local animistic beliefs to create new forms of religious expression.