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Based on the Balfour Declaration itself and its implementation, it is debatable whether Arthur Balfour and the British government truly protected the "civil and religious rights" of the non-Jewish communities in Palestine. While the Declaration stated that "nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine," in reality, the British government's actions often favored the Jewish community and marginalized the Palestinian Arab community.
For example, the British government allowed large-scale Jewish immigration to Palestine, which led to a demographic shift and the displacement of many Palestinians from their land and homes. The British also supported the establishment of Jewish settlements, which often encroached on Palestinian land and water resources, further exacerbating tensions between the communities.
Furthermore, during the Arab revolt in 1936-1939, the British government cracked down heavily on Palestinian Arab resistance while allowing Jewish militias to operate with relative impunity. This further eroded trust and goodwill between the two communities.
As for the impact of the Balfour Declaration on the world today, it is still a highly controversial issue. Many argue that it laid the foundation for the establishment of Israel and the displacement of Palestinians from their land, which has been a major source of conflict in the Middle East for decades. Others see it as an important milestone in the Zionist movement and the fulfillment of Jewish aspirations for a homeland. Overall, the Balfour Declaration remains a complex and contested historical document with significant implications for the past, present, and future.