Question

1) Ethanol was found in wine and beer. consider the physical properties of ethanol shown in the table determine the states of matter presented at each temperature listed.

Melting Point is -114 Degrees Celsius
Boiling point is 78 Degrees Celsius

A.) State(s) of matter present at _______
B.) State(s) of matter present at _______
C.) State(s) of matter present at _______
D.) State(s) of matter present at _______

2) In which of the temperatures listed the question above, -120 Degrees Celsius, 0 Degrees Celsius, 78 Degrees Celsius, and 100 Degrees Celsius, at which temperature would the ethanol molecules be moving the fastest and why?

3) Suppose that 25.0g sample of copper increased in temperature from 25.0 Degrees Celsius to 100.0 Degrees Celsius. Describe the quantities that would be needed to determine the about of heat exchange. Is the heat absorbed or related by the copper?

4) Suppose that a given mass of water vapor at 100 Degrees Celsius condenses to liquid water at 100 Degrees Celsius. Describe the quantities that would be needed to determine the about of heat exchange. Is the heat absorbed or released by the water?

5) Suppose a given mass of water initially at 37 Degrees Celsius (body temperature) absorbs enough heat energy to vaporize to gas at 100 Degrees Celsius. Describe the quantities that would be needed to determine the about of heat exchanged?

Answer 1

1) A.) State(s) of matter present at -120 Degrees Celsius: Solid

B.) State(s) of matter present at 0 Degrees Celsius: Solid and liquid

C.) State(s) of matter present at 78 Degrees Celsius: Liquid and vapor

D.) State(s) of matter present at 100 Degrees Celsius: Vapor

2) At 100 Degrees Celsius, the ethanol molecules will be moving the fastest because this is the temperature at which the boiling point of ethanol occurs, and this is the temperature at which all molecules in the liquid have enough kinetic energy to escape as a gas.

3) To determine the amount of heat exchange of the copper, one needs to know the mass of the sample, the temperature change (25.0 Degrees Celsius to 100.0 Degrees Celsius), and the specific heat capacity of copper. The heat will be absorbed by the copper.

4) To determine the amount of heat exchange of the water, one needs to know the mass of the sample, the temperature change (100 Degrees Celsius to 100 Degrees Celsius), and the specific heat capacity of water. The heat will be released by the water.

5) To determine the amount of heat exchanged, one needs to know the mass of the sample, the temperature change (37 Degrees Celsius to 100 Degrees Celsius), and the specific heat capacity of water. The heat will be absorbed by the water.