17. Hypothesis: An educated guess in a psychological experiment that states if a certain thing happens, then it will cause a certain response is called a hypothesis.
18. Theory: A general principle, based on evidence, that certain phenomena are related is a theory.
19. Response: The behavioral act that results from a stimulus is a response.
20. Stimulus: The stimulus, or that which is affecting what you are studying, is the stimulus.
21. Dependent variable: That which is being studied in a psychological experiment is the dependent variable.
22. Random selection: Selecting individuals from a larger group in such a way that their selection will have no bearing on the experiment is called random selection.
23. Control group: A group identical to or similar to that group which is being studied, is used to compare results, and is called a control group.
24. Experimental design: A set of exactly planned procedures for testing a hypothesis is called experimental design.
25. Independent variable: Factors that are manipulated in an experiment are called independent variables.
26. Case study: Research method that looks at a few individuals from which to draw conclusions is a case study.
27. Survey: When psychologists send out questionnaires to many people to gather information, it is called a survey.
28. Demand characteristics: When a group or individual answers questions or behaves in the way they think the experimenter wants them to, this is called demand characteristics.
29. Naturalistic observation: Watching people in their natural habitat is called naturalistic observation.
30. Data: In a psychological experiment, information is called data.
31. Experimental method: A research method in which the experimenter purposely manipulates variables is the experimental method.