Question

1) How does blood flow to digestive organs impact overall hormone concentration during exercise? Explain.

2) You are taking a drug that increases the affinity of hormone X for its transporter. How might this drug impact the effectiveness of hormone X and why?

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Answer 1

1. During exercise, blood flow is redirected to the skeletal muscles to support increased metabolic demand. This shift in blood flow away from the digestive organs can impact overall hormone concentration. Specifically, the concentration of gut hormones, such as ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), may decrease due to reduced blood flow to the digestive tract. These hormones play important roles in regulating appetite and blood glucose levels. Therefore, decreased gut hormone concentration during exercise may lead to decreased appetite and reduced blood glucose regulation.
2. Increasing the affinity of hormone X for its transporter would likely increase the effectiveness of the hormone. The transporter plays an important role in regulating the concentration of hormone X in the bloodstream by transporting it into and out of cells. By increasing the affinity of hormone X for its transporter, more of the hormone would be transported into cells, where it can exert its effects. This could lead to increased effectiveness of hormone X and potentially greater therapeutic benefits. However, it is also possible that increased transport of hormone X into cells could lead to unwanted side effects or toxicity if hormone X accumulates to high levels in certain tissues.