Final answer:
The specific heat capacity of iron is 0.449 J/g °C, while the specific heat capacity of aluminum is 900 J/kg-°C. Therefore, it takes half as much energy to raise the temperature of iron compared to aluminum.
Step-by-step explanation:
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance depends on its specific heat capacity, which is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a given mass of the substance by 1 degree Celsius. The specific heat capacity of iron is 0.449 J/g °C, while the specific heat capacity of aluminum is 900 J/kg-°C. Since the specific heat capacity of aluminum is higher than that of iron, it means that more energy is required to raise the temperature of aluminum compared to iron.
Let's calculate the energy required:
For iron:
mass = 10 g
temperature change = 1 °C
specific heat capacity of iron = 0.449 J/g °C
Energy = mass * temperature change * specific heat capacity = 10 g * 1 °C * 0.449 J/g °C = 4.49 J
For aluminum:
mass = 10 g
temperature change = 1 °C
specific heat capacity of aluminum = 900 J/kg-°C
Energy = mass * temperature change * specific heat capacity = 10 g * 1 °C * 900 J/kg-°C = 9000 J
Therefore, it takes half as much energy to raise the temperature of iron compared to aluminum, 4.49 J versus 9000 J respectively.