The Treaty of New Echota was signed in 1835 by the Cherokee Nation and the United States government. The primary responsibility for the treaty lies with the United States government, particularly President Andrew Jackson, who was the driving force behind the treaty. The Senate also had a role in ratifying the treaty, but the ultimate responsibility lies with the government. The people of the Cherokee Nation also had a role in the treaty, as they were the ones who had to sign it and accept its terms.