Final answer:
The Russian Revolution occurred in 1917, marked by the Bolsheviks' overthrow of the Tsarist government and establishment of a socialist state after a period of civil war.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Russian Revolution began with the February Revolution in 1917, which led to the abdication of Czar Nicholas II. After initial optimism that the provisional government would stabilize Russia, the Bolsheviks, a socialist party promising to end the war and distribute land and factory ownership, became the dominant political force. The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, eventually seized power in the October Revolution of 1917, and after a period of civil war, formed a socialist government and struck an armistice with Germany to exit World War I.
In March of 1919, the Third Communist International advocated for a worldwide revolution against capitalism. Although the Bolsheviks hoped for a domino effect to spread communism across Europe, this did not materialize, and Russia faced the challenges of a still-feudal economy. The conflict transformed into a civil war between the Red Army and the White Russians, culminating in the execution of the Romanov family in July 1918.