Question

FILL IN THE BLANK. federal judges are appointed by the ________ and must be approved by the ________.

Answer 1

Federal judges are appointed by the President and must be approved by the Senate. The President nominates federal judges and these nominations must be approved by a majority vote in the Senate.

Step-by-step explanation:

The president nominates federal judges, including members of the United States Courts of Appeals and the U.S. Supreme Court with advice and consent (confirmation) from Congress. This gives the president the power to exert a lasting influence on the judiciary through his appointment power because appointments are for life.

According to Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution, the President nominates federal judges, and these nominations must be approved by the Senate. When a vacancy arises on the Supreme Court or other federal court, the President chooses a qualified appointee who is then voted on by the Senate in a simple majority vote.

All judges and justices in the national courts serve lifetime terms of office and are carefully selected through the nomination and approval process involving the President and the Senate.

Answer 2

Federal judges are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate. This process is anchored in the Constitution to ensure an independent judiciary and involves life appointments to insulate judges from political pressure.

Step-by-step explanation:

Federal judges are appointed by the President and must be approved by the Senate. The process of selecting and confirming judges is a critical one, as it ensures the candidates are qualified and capable of upholding the law impartially.

According to Article II, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution, the President "shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint... Judges of the Supreme Court," which also extends to all federal judges. Once the President nominates a judge, the Senate Judiciary Committee discusses and sometimes debates the nomination.

After the committee vote, if successful, the candidate must then be confirmed by a majority vote of the full Senate, after which they are sworn in to uphold the Constitution and laws of the United States. Federal judges, including Supreme Court justices, have life tenure, allowing them to operate free from excessive political influence and pressure.