Question

describe the philippine education system during pre colonial, spanish, american and japanese era. identify the different changes happened during these eras

Answer 1

• The Philippine education system underwent several changes throughout its history, from pre-colonial to the Spanish, American, and Japanese eras.

• Pre-colonial era (before 1521): The pre-colonial education system in the Philippines was primarily based on oral tradition and apprenticeships. Children were taught by their parents and elders in skills such as hunting, fishing, agriculture, and community governance.

• Spanish era (1521-1898): During the Spanish colonization, formal education was introduced to the Philippines. The Spanish friars established schools, mainly for the purpose of converting the population to Catholicism. Education was mainly offered in Spanish, and only a small number of Filipinos had access to it.

• American era (1898-1942): After the American colonization, the American government established a more comprehensive and secular education system. English was introduced as a medium of instruction, and the education system was based on the American model. The focus was on vocational and industrial training, which was seen as necessary for the development of the Philippines as a colony.

• Japanese era (1942-1945): During the Japanese occupation, the education system was disrupted. Schools were closed and teachers were either interned or sent to work in the countryside. The Japanese also established their own schools, teaching the Japanese language and culture, but these were not widely attended by Filipinos.

• The different changes that happened during these eras include the introduction of formal education, the shift from oral tradition to written education, the change in medium of instruction, and the change in focus of the education system. These changes reflect the colonial powers' attempts to shape and control the education system in the Philippines, as well as the Philippine response to these attempts.