Question

Read the passage.

Information
Milk is an important part of many people's diet. Farmers who raise dairy cows are careful about who they hire to handle the milk. Their cows are tested regularly and once the milk is taken from the cows, it is filtered and cooled at the milk house. It is pumped into tanks and shipped to a milk plant where it is pumped into large holding tanks. At this location, tests ensure its quality and cleanliness. Pasteurization is the process to make milk safe. This process heats the milk to a temperature high enough to kill bacteria. At this time the milk is cooled quickly, stored, placed into smaller containers, shipped to various locations, and then placed on the shelf for purchase.

Question
Which is the main idea of this passage?

Answer options with 4 options
1.
There are many health benefits from drinking milk.

2.
Farmers are careful with their cows, testing them regularly for bacteria.

3.
There are many complex steps to getting milk safely from the cow to the store.

4.
Pasteurization is the process of heating and cooling that kills bacteria in milk.

Answer 1

The main idea of the passage is the complex process required to safely transport milk from the cow to the store, which includes several steps such as testing, pasteurization, and quality control to ensure the milk's safety and nutritional value.

Step-by-step explanation:

The passage describes the journey of milk from farm to consumer and the safety measures involved in this process, which include the careful handling by dairy farmers, regular testing of cows, and meticulous processes at the milk plant such as quality testing and pasteurization. The main idea of the passage is that there are many complex steps involved in getting milk safely from the cow to the store. These steps are designed to ensure the quality and cleanliness of the milk, prevent the presence of harmful bacteria, and maintain its nutritional value. Two methods of pasteurization are high-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization and ultra-high-temperature (UHT) pasteurization. These methods balance temperature and time to effectively kill milkborne pathogens such as Salmonella and E. coli while preserving the sensory qualities of the milk, with UHT allowing for long-term storage without refrigeration.