Final answer:
The student is tasked with analyzing how authors apply reasoning strategies to form arguments, notably by using analogy, cause and effect, and comparison and contrast to demonstrate and compare their points of view.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking for a comparison and contrast of how different authors use reasoning to develop their arguments. Reasoning strategies such as analogy, cause and effect, and comparison and contrast are used by authors to create persuasive arguments and to analyze topics in depth. For example, analogy paragraphs may start by comparing two dissimilar subjects and then explaining similarities. Comparison and contrast focus on the similarities to justify comparison, followed by an in-depth look at nuanced differences. In analysing the reasoning strategies, students will be able to better understand and construct their positions in the context of a rhetorical argument.