Here are some of the most common figures of speech:
A simile is a comparison between two things using words like "like" or "as," such as "She slept like a log" or " He was bright as the sun"
A metaphor is a comparison between two things without using "like" or "as," such as "He is a lion on the field." or "In my eyes, he was the sun"
A hyperbole is an exaggeration, such as "I'm so hungry, I could eat a horse." or "This is such a long delay, it could be a thousand years before we get there"
Personification: Giving human characteristics to non-human things, such as "The wind whispered through the trees." or "The ocean was dancing the night away"
An onomatopoeia is any word that imitates sounds, such as "buzz," "hiss," or "sizzle."
Irony is a contrast between what is expected and what occurs, such as "The plumber's house had leaky pipes."