Answer:
In a galvanic cell, the cathode is the electrode where reduction occurs and the anode is the electrode where oxidation occurs. The voltage of the cell is a measure of the difference in standard reduction potentials of the two half-reactions occurring at the cathode and anode. A more negative reduction potential indicates a higher tendency for reduction to occur, so the metal with the more negative reduction potential will be more likely to be reduced at the cathode.
For example, in trial 1, the cathode is a silver plate and the anode is a lead plate. The voltage of the cell is 1.25 V, which indicates that the standard reduction potential of the half-reaction occurring at the cathode (silver being reduced) is more negative than the standard reduction potential of the half-reaction occurring at the anode (lead being oxidized). Therefore, silver is more likely to be reduced at the cathode than lead is to be oxidized at the anode. Similarly, in trial 5, the cathode is a nickel plate and the anode is a silver plate. The voltage of the cell is 1.06 V, which indicates that the standard reduction potential of the half-reaction occurring at the cathode (nickel being reduced) is more negative than the standard reduction potential of the half-reaction occurring at the anode (silver being oxidized). Therefore, nickel is more likely to be reduced at the cathode than silver is to be oxidized at the anode.
Step-by-step explanation: