We are given the following information:
class of 24 students
7 students rolled a 2
We are asked to justify whether or not the result is surprising.
To answer this question, we must think of what the expected number of times that an outcome of 2 is supposed to be.
We know that a die has 6 sides and only 1 of those is a 2. Therefore, the theoretical probability of getting a 2 is 1/6. If there are 24 students who rolled the die, then 1/6 x 24 = 4 students are expected to get a 2.
Therefore, we may say that having approximately 4 students roll a 2 would not be surprising. Since the problem says that 7 out of the 24 students got a 2, then we can say that this is a little surprising because 7 is a little too far off from 4. Although, because of the randomness of the experiment, this is not entirely impossible, just not what you would be expecting.