Question

explain how the structure and function of squamous epithelium in the lung are important for gas exchange

Answer 1

The structure and function of squamous epithelium in the lung are important for gas exchange because it forms the respiratory membrane where oxygen is taken up by the blood and carbon dioxide is released into the air. The change from pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium to simple squamous epithelium allows for a thinner barrier, enabling efficient gas diffusion.

Step-by-step explanation:

The structure and function of squamous epithelium in the lung play a crucial role in gas exchange. The lung is lined with different types of epithelium depending on its location. In the conducting zone, the lining consists of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells, which trap pathogens and debris. As the bronchioles get closer to the alveoli, the epithelium changes to simple squamous epithelium. The thinness of the squamous epithelium in the alveoli, along with the surrounding capillaries, forms the respiratory membrane where gas exchange occurs by simple diffusion.

Answer 2

Squamous epithelial cells are flat cells that are usually arranged in a thin, single layer. Due to its thickness, the exchange of the gases into and out of the lungs through simple diffusion* is easier to happen. Gas molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide easily diffuse because these are small, non-polar molecules.

*Short diffusion pathway = a simple diffusion through a single layer of cells. Example: Exchange of gas in and out of the squamous epithelial cells of the lungs