Question

Darwin noticed differences in the beak shapes of finches on the various islands of the Galapagos and surmised that they all might have evolved from a common ancestor on the mainland. If Darwin had known about molecular biology, a field of study that did not exist at the time he lived, how might he have used it to test his hypothesis?

Answer 1

The answer is: He could have done DNA tests on the birds to see how closely they were related.

Answer 2

He could perform some DNA tests that could show how those species were related. For example, genome sequencing could show all the differences in DNA nucleotides. The number of changes could then be multiplied by the rate of mutations and the result would show how species were related.