Final answer:
Using the principles of free fall and the known speed of the peregrine falcon, it is determined that the falcon will fall approximately 6.16 m while traveling horizontally over a distance of 100 m.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate how far a peregrine falcon will fall vertically while traveling horizontally a distance of 100 m, we can use the physics of free fall under the acceleration due to gravity. The time taken by the falcon to cover 100 m horizontally at a speed of 200 mi/h (which is approximately 89.41 m/s) can be found using the equation: time = distance / speed.
We first convert the falcon's speed to meters per second by multiplying by a conversion factor: 200 mi/h * 1.60934 (km/mi) * 1000 (m/km) / 3600 (s/h) = 89.41 m/s.
Next, we calculate the time, t = 100 m / 89.41 m/s ≈ 1.119 seconds.
Now, we apply the free fall equation, d = 0.5 * g * t^2, where g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s^2): d = 0.5 * 9.81 m/s^2 * (1.119 s)^2 ≈ 6.16 m.
Therefore, the peregrine falcon will fall approximately 6.16 m vertically while traveling 100 m horizontally.