Answer:
Thesis Statement: In his speech at Rice University Stadium, President John F. Kennedy effectively utilizes historical references, a sense of urgency, national pride, and a call for responsible leadership to rally support for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's program and emphasize the importance of the United States taking the lead in space exploration.
Evidence 1: Kennedy employs a historical timeline to highlight humanity's rapid progress. He mentions milestones such as the discovery of gravity by Newton, the invention of the printing press, and recent developments like electric lights, telephones, and nuclear power.
Explanation: By showcasing the significant advancements achieved in a relatively short time, Kennedy emphasizes the potential for further progress in space exploration. This evidence supports the thesis by demonstrating the necessity of embracing new frontiers and not falling behind in the race for space.
Evidence 2: Kennedy acknowledges the challenges and risks associated with space exploration, stating, "Surely the opening vistas of space promise high costs and hardships, as well as high reward."
Explanation: This evidence supports the thesis by acknowledging the difficulties and dangers that come with venturing into space. It underscores the need for courage and determination, reinforcing the idea that the United States should not shy away from the challenges but instead strive to lead the way.
Evidence 3: Kennedy appeals to national pride and the spirit of progress, stating, "This country was conquered by those who moved forward—and so will space." He highlights the accomplishments of previous generations and the importance of maintaining leadership in science and industry.
Step-by-step explanation:
Explanation: This evidence supports the thesis by evoking a sense of patriotism and emphasizing the United States' historical legacy of being at the forefront of industrial and technological advancements. It urges the nation to continue its tradition of leadership by actively participating in space exploration.
Evidence 4: Kennedy asserts that the exploration of space should be driven by peaceful and noble intentions. He states, "We have vowed that we shall not see space filled with weapons of mass destruction, but with instruments of knowledge and understanding."
Explanation: This evidence supports the thesis by aligning the goal of space exploration with the pursuit of peace and knowledge. Kennedy emphasizes the importance of responsible leadership and portrays the United States as a nation dedicated to using space exploration for the betterment of humanity. This further strengthens the argument for the country's active involvement in space endeavors.
Overall, these rhetorical choices by Kennedy effectively support the thesis by appealing to historical progress, creating a sense of urgency, invoking national pride, and emphasizing responsible leadership in space exploration.