Final answer:
The substance with the lowest specific heat will cause the least temperature change when added to water.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine which substance will cause the least temperature change when added to water, we need to consider the specific heat of each substance. The substance with the smallest specific heat will cause the least temperature change. Specific heat is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius. Therefore, the substance with the lowest specific heat will absorb less heat per unit mass and result in a smaller temperature change.
An example of a substance with a low specific heat is aluminum. Aluminum has a specific heat of 0.897 J/g°C, which is relatively low compared to other substances. When the same amount of aluminum and water are heated with the same amount of heat, the aluminum will experience a smaller temperature change than the water.
In summary, the substance with the lowest specific heat will cause the least temperature change when added to water.