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During Reconstruction, a was a Southern white who joined the Republican Party.

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The correct answer is:

Scalawags.

Scalawags were white Southerners who defended Reconstruction and the Republican Party, following the American Civil War.

Like the related term carpetbagger, the term has a long history of use as a slur in Southern discussions.

This word is usually applied in historical studies as a neutral descriptor of Southern white Republicans, but some historians have dismissed the term because of its history of pejorative connotations.

User InGeek
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During Reconstruction, a "Scalawag" was a Southern white who joined the Republican Party, since most white Southerners during this time belonged to the Democratic Party.
User Birju
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