Final answer:
The element with the lowest ionization energy among Na, Al, and Cl is Na (sodium). Sodium has the lowest ionization energy because it has a single valence electron in its outermost shell, which is farther from the nucleus compared to the valence electrons of aluminum (Al) and chlorine (Cl).
Step-by-step explanation:
The element with the lowest ionization energy among Na, Al, and Cl is Na (sodium). Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion. Sodium has the lowest ionization energy because it has a single valence electron in its outermost shell, which is farther from the nucleus compared to the valence electrons of aluminum (Al) and chlorine (Cl).