Translation of mRNA molecule by the ribosome takes place in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. It is the process of forming a polypeptide chain according tocodon present in mRNA. After the activation of tRNA, initiation will start which is the perception of start codon, binding of ribosomal subunits to mRNA and the forming of initiation complex with Met-tRNA at the P site. The peptide bond formation and growing of polypeptide chain in the next step which is called the elongation. When the stop codon come in the A site, this will result in the termination of translation.
Option A is transciption where the enzyme RNA uses DNA as a template to make a pre-mRNA transcript. Option C is also transcription. When the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to promoter, this signals the DNA to unwind so the enzyme can read the bases in one of the DNA strands.
Answers: Options B, D, and E.
Option B - The new protein is released after translation is complete.
Option D - The first tRNA transfers its amino acid to the amino acid on the freshly growing tRNA then the bond is built between the two amino acids.
Option E - Ribosomal subunits bring together like a sandwich on the strand of mRNA that attract tRNA molecule confined to amino acids.