Final answer:
The segregation of alleles occurs during meiosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The segregation of alleles occurs during meiosis. During meiosis, the chromosomes randomly align during prophase I at the equator, and separation of bivalent chromosomes occur during anaphase I of meiosis I. Similarly, separation of homologous chromosomes occurs at metaphase II of meiosis II. At the end of meiosis II, four different gametic combinations are produced, each containing a diploid set of chromosomes.