Answer:
The 3p atomic orbitals of Chlorine atoms overlap to form the Cl₂ molecule.
The noble gas symbol that has the same electronic configuration as the electronic configuration of each attached chlorine atom is Ar (Argon)
Then 3p,Ar
Step-by-step explanation:
The Electronic Configuration of the elements is the arrangement of all electrons of an element in energy levels and sub-levels (orbitals).
There are 7 energy levels, numbered from 1 to 7, and in which electrons are distributed, logically in order according to their energy level. Electrons with less energy will be spinning at level 1. Each level is divided into sub-levels. These sub-levels into which each level is divided can be up to 4. These 4 sub-levels are called: s, p, d, f. In the sub-level s there can only be a maximum of 2 electrons, in p there can be a maximum of 6 electrons, in the sub-level d 10 electrons and finally in the sub-level f there can be a maximum of 14 electrons.
In level 1 there is only one sub-level, which will be the s. In level 2 there are 2 sub-levels, the s and the p. At level 3 there are 3 sub-levels s, p and d. And at level 4 there are 4 sub-levels, the s, the p, the d and the f.
Aufbau's principle is a principle of atomic physics, which explains how electrons are accommodated in their orbits around the nucleus of the atom. This principle states that the filling of these orbitals occurs in increasing order of energy, that is, from the orbitals of lower energy to those of higher energy.
Valencia electrons are the electrons found in the last electronic layer (called valence orbitals). These electrons are what determine the ability of the atom to form bonds. When an element joins another, it does so through its valence electrons.
Within the Periodic Table, five large blocks can be distinguished, which have been identified according to the orbitals that occupy the outermost electrons of a specific element, based on the Aufbau's Principle. The following can be distinguished: block s, block p, block d and block f.
- Block S: within this block all those elements whose valence electrons are located in the orbital S are grouped. These elements belong to the first and second column of the Periodic Table, this is in the First and Second group (IA and IIA ).
- Block P: within this block are grouped those chemical elements, whose valence electrons are located in the orbital p. The elements belonging to this block are located in groups or families III A, IV A, V A, VI A, VII A and VIII A.
- Block d: in this block the elements whose valence electrons are located in the orbital d are classified. This block comprises groups 3 to 12 - or 3B to 2B - and contains all transition metals.
- Block f: the elements belonging to this block are those whose valence electrons are in the orbital f. It has no group numbers and is composed of lanthanides and actinides.
On the other hand, the period that an element occupies coincides with its last electronic layer. That is, an element with five electronic layers will be in the fifth period.
Chlorine Cl belongs to group VII A. Then it belongs to block p. It also belongs to the third period in the periodic table. This means that it has 3 layers or electronic levels. Then the orbital that is involved in bonding will be the 3p orbital.
To determine the noble gas symbol that has the same electronic configuration as the electronic configuration of each attached chlorine atom, it is first determined that the total number of electrons in the chlorine is 17, of which seven are valence electrons. Chlorine requires one more electron to complete its octet, that is 8 valence electrons. The number of electrons shared with the other chlorine atom to form a covalent bond of Cl2 is one. Adding the number of shared electrons to the total number of electrons gives 18 electrons. The noble gas that has 18 electrons is Argon Ar. Finally the noble gas symbol that has the same electronic configuration as the electronic configuration of each attached chlorine atom is Ar (Argon)