Step-by-step explanation
Let's assume that we want to fold a piece of paper several times. If x is the thickness of the paper then after the first fold the total thickness of the piece is doubled: 2x. If we fold it a second time now the piece is composed of four layers of paper and its thickness is 4x. After a third fold we'll have eight layers and a thickness of 8x. After a fourth fold we'll have 16 layer and a thickness of 8x. If we continue folding the piece paper we will double its thickness every time. Then we can associate the folded thickness of the piece of paper T with the original thickness x and the number of folds performed (n):
So the number of folds is the exponent of the factor 2 in the equation for the thickness of the paper. For n=7 the folded paper is 2⁷=128 times thicker than the unfolded paper so you can get an idea of why it's very difficult to fold a piece of paper more than 7 times.