Final answer:
The Spanish did not have an advantage over the Native Americans in knowledge of local territory, which was the only item listed that was not an advantage they possessed.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Spanish advantage that was NOT over the Native Americans was knowledge of local territory. Throughout the exploration and conquest period, the Spanish had several advantages including superior weapons like muskets and cannons, ships and horses, and armor. The Natives, on the other hand, knew their land well, which is a significant advantage in warfare. However, the Spanish often overcame this through alliances with local tribes who were adversaries of empires like the Aztecs, and through their overwhelming military technology.