Final answer:
Joe's income was $40,200 in the 18th year.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the year in which Joe's income was $40,200, we need to determine the rate at which his income increases each year.
Given that his income increased by the same dollar amount each year, we can calculate the increase by subtracting his income in the first year from his income in the 11th year: $31,400 - $20,400 = $11,000.
Next, we can divide the increase in income by the number of years to find the increase per year: $11,000 ÷ 10 = $1,100.
Finally, to find the number of years it takes for his income to reach $40,200, we can divide the difference between $40,200 and $20,400 by the increase per year: ($40,200 - $20,400) ÷ $1,100 = 18.
Therefore, Joe's income was $40,200 in the 18th year.