Answer: D. to criticize England’s treatment of the Irish with the hope of bringing about societal change.
Swift's A Modest Proposal is a satirical text intended to criticize England's treatment of the Irish people. In this novel, Swift proposes that in order to solve the problem of poverty in Ireland, poor people should sell their children in order for them to be eaten by wealthy Englishmen. The proposal is not intended to be taken seriousy. Instead, it is meant to criticize the indifference and abuse Irish people were subject to and motivate social change.