Final answer:
The smaller number is 19, and the larger number is 42.
Step-by-step explanation:
To solve this problem, let's represent the smaller number as 'x' and the larger number as 'x + 23'. We can then write the equation:
x + (x + 23) = 61
Combining like terms, we get:
2x + 23 = 61
Subtracting 23 from both sides, we have:
2x = 38
Dividing both sides by 2, we get the value of x:
x = 19
Therefore, the smaller number is 19, and the larger number is 19 + 23 = 42.