Final answer:
The correct statement among the provided options is that the final dilution in a serial dilution is the product of all the dilutions that led up to it.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the given statements about serial dilution, the one that is true is that the final dilution in a serial dilution is the product of all the dilutions that led up to it. Serial dilution involves diluting a fixed volume of cells mixed with dilution solution using the previous dilution as an inoculum, resulting in an exponential decrease in concentration. For example, if the starting dilution is 1:10 and the process is repeated, the following dilutions would be 1:100 (10x10), 1:1000 (10x10x10), and so forth, demonstrating the concept of logarithmic dilution. This procedure is crucial for accurately counting colony-forming units (CFUs) in microbiology.