Question

List down the 12 of Nightingale's Environmental principles

Answer 1

Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory outlines 12 principles which focus on creating a healing environment through elements like clean air and water, proper nutrition, sanitation, and effective drainage, as well as addressing factors like the patient's view, quietness, and warmth.

Step-by-step explanation:

The 12 principles of Nightingale's Environmental Theory focus on the environmental factors that support healing and recovery. Florence Nightingale emphasized the importance of a healing environment and identified elements in the patient's environment that could help in their recovery. Some of these principles address elements such as pure air, pure water, sufficient food and nutrition, efficient drainage, cleanliness, and light (especially direct sunlight). Other principles stress the importance of quiet, warmth, and regularity in patient care, as well as the importance of a patient's view, which should be pleasing. Nightingale asserted that it was crucial in a patient's environment to prevent unnecessary noise, eliminate odors, and arrange the patient's bed and personal space in a way that allows for both privacy and social interaction when appropriate for well-being and healing.

Answer 2

She identified 5 environmental factors: fresh air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness or sanitation, and light or direct sunlight.