Final answer:
In Chinese culture, painting is derived from the art of calligraphy, which was highly esteemed during the Song Dynasty. Calligraphy involves using a brush, ink, paper, and an inkstone to create beautiful writing.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Chinese believe that painting is derived from the art of calligraphy. Calligraphy, a highly venerated art, was practiced everywhere in the Song Dynasty as educated individuals were expected to be proficient in it. Brush, ink, paper, and inkstone were the essential tools used by calligraphers.