In 1920, Marcus Garvey presented his famous "Back to Africa" movement in New York City that advocated for the black community that lived abroad as slaves to go back to their ancestral homelands in Africa. It was also known as Black Zionism or the colonization movement
This was part of his social movement dubbed as the " Universal Negro Improvement Association" (UNIA) he founded in his native Jamaica in 1914, a movement he intensified racial discrimination sentiments and black enslavement.
The movement eventually has inspired other movements like the Nation of Islam and the Rastafarian Movement.