The framers of the Constitution believed in the following:
1) Individual Liberty- Framers of the constitution felt that the citizens ability to have several different freedoms was an important part of being a citizen. This is why they included rights such as the freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the right to bear arms.
2) Representative government- This was the idea that the US government should be elected/shaped by the American citizens themselves. This is why US citizens have the right to vote for officials at the local, state, and national level.
3) Federalism- This is the idea that some rights/responsibilities will belong the the federal government and some rights/responsibilities will belong to the states. This split in powers between the state and national government allows states to create rules that are relevant to their citizens.