The general equation for a direct proportion is

where

is the constant of proportionality.
If you have just one single (x, y) point of the relation given, you can plug in the values of x and y and solve for k. Once you know k, you write again y = kx, using the actual value of k, and that is the equation of the direct relation.
Naomi's cell phone plan is a direct proportion.
The cost in dollars varies directly with the number of texts.
That allows us to write the general equation of this relation as
y = kx
where is y is cost in dollars, x is the number of texts, and k is the constant of proportionality.
Now we use the given point to find the value of k, the constant of proportionality.
We are told that 16 texts cost $3.20. We have the (x, y) point (16, 3.2).
y = kx
3.2 = k * 16
Divide both sides by 16 to get
k = 3.2/16
k = 0.2
The constant of proportionality is 0.2
Now that we know the constant of proportionality, we just replace k with it, and we have the equation of our relationship.
y = 0.2x
where y = cost of the texts in dollars, and
x = number of texts