Question

Which is evidence that supports the dynamo theory

Answer 1

Evidence for the dynamo theory includes observed magnetic fields of celestial bodies, patterns of geomagnetic reversals, and theoretical models that match observations. The dynamo process occurs in the Sun's convection zone, generating magnetic fields and solar activity cycles.

Step-by-step explanation:

Evidence that supports the dynamo theory includes the existence of magnetic fields on celestial bodies, such as the Sun and the Earth, and the patterns of geomagnetic field reversals observed in earth's geological record. The dynamo theory posits that these magnetic fields are generated by the motion of conductive materials within these celestial bodies. In the case of the Sun, it's the turbulent movement of ionized gas in the convection zone that generates electrical currents and thus the Sun's complex magnetic field. This process can be seen as similar to dynamos found in power plants on Earth, where kinetic energy from elements like flowing water or wind turns turbines to produce electricity.

Astronomical observations and computer modeling, such as the work done by Glatzmaier and Olson, have helped to solidify the dynamo theory as the explanation for Earth's magnetic field and its reversals. The solar dynamo also explains the 22-year solar activity cycle, caused by the interplay of magnetic fields within the Sun's convection zone and their emergence on the surface. These theoretical predictions and models align with the observed solar and geomagnetic phenomena, lending strong support to the dynamo theory.

Answer 2

The correct answer is C: Earth's outer core contains liquids that conduct electricity.

According to the dynamo theory the outer core is said to be geodynamo. For any planet to be geodynamo, it should be rotating and contain a fluid medium in its interior, a supply of internal energy to drive the convection in the liquid. The Earth is “Goldilocks” geodynamo rotating steadily. The Coriolis force makes the convection current movement spiral. The liquid iron core is a very good electrical conductor which produces electric current which drives the magnetic field.