Question

Which of the following describes a difference between Charles de Montesquieu and Thomas Hobbes?

A. Hobbes followed the philosophy of liberalism, while Montesquieu did not.
B. Montesquieu supported the social contract theory, while Hobbes did not.
C. Montesquieu believed in the separation of political power, while Hobbes did not.
D. Hobbes believed that all citizens should be equal, while Montesquieu did not.

Answer 1

Montesquieu believed in the separation of political power, while Hobbes did not. apex!!!

Answer 2

The correct option is C

• Charles Louis de Secondat, Lord of the Brède and Baron de Montesquieu was a French philosopher and jurist whose work is developed in the context of the intellectual and cultural movement known as the Enlightenment. He was one of the most relevant illustrated philosophers and essayists, especially for the articulation of the theory of the separation of powers, which has been introduced in some constitutions of several States, with greater influence on the Constitution of the United States.

• Thomas Hobbes was an English philosopher considered one of the founders of modern political philosophy. His best known work is the Leviathan (1651), where he laid the foundations of contractarian theory, of great influence in the development of Western political philosophy. In addition to the philosophical field, he worked in other fields of knowledge such as history, ethics, theology, geometry or physics. He is considered the theoretician par excellence of political absolutism, although in his thought appear fundamental concepts of liberalism such as the right of the individual, the natural equality of people, the conventional nature of the State (which will lead to the subsequent distinction between this and society civil), the representative and popular legitimacy of political power (since it can be revoked if it does not guarantee the protection of its subordinates), etc. His conception of the human being as equally dependent on the laws of matter and movement (materialism) continues to enjoy great influence; as well as the notion of human cooperation based on personal interest.