Question

The bonding of extra atoms or molecules to an unsaturated hydrocarbon is called

Answer 1

Answer: This is known as addition reaction.

Step-by-step explanation:

Unsaturated hydrocarbon is defined as the hydrocarbons which have double or triple covalent bond present between carbon and carbon atoms.

Addition reaction is defined as the reaction in which more atoms are added to the given compound. No atom is lost during this reaction.

`AB+C\rightarrow ABC`

This reaction is more favored by unsaturated hydrocarbons because they are more reactive due to the presence of
`\pi-`bonds. They are weaker than
`\sigma-`bonds and thus can be easily broken.

For Example: Hydrogenation of ethene molecule

`H_2C=CH_2+H_2\rightarrow CH_3-CH_3`

Hence, the reaction is known as addition reaction.

Answer 2

Answer is: addition.

For example, 1,3-butadiene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

1,3-butadiene is the simplest conjugated diene and undergoes 1,4 addition reaction in acidic environment.

Chemical reaction: CH₂=CH-CH=CH₂ + H₂O → CH₃-CH=CH-CH₂-OH.

CH₂=CH-CH=CH₂ - 1,3-butadiene.

CH₃-CH=CH-CH₂-OH - 2-buten-1-ol.

Diene or diolefin is a hydrocarbon that has two carbon double bonds.