Pope Urban II called for people to recover Jerusalem from the Muslims. 1st crusade
The Holy Roman Emperor wanted to regain control of the Byzantine Empire. 1st crusade
Crusaders massacred Jews in the Rhineland. 1st crusade
Crusaders recaptured Jerusalem but killed Jews, Muslims, and Christians in the process. 1st crusade
Pope Innocent III hoped to return to Jerusalem to free the city from the Muslims. 4th crusade
Crusaders sacked Constantinople. 4th crusade
The Frist Crusade took place in 1095 and finished in 1099 with the recovery of Jerusalem from the Muslims. This crusade was called by Pope Urban II in order to help the Byzantine Empire and recover Holy Land. During the First Crusade, apart from the military expedition formed by well-trained knights, there was also an “alterative” army called “people’s crusade” in which common people such as peasants also helped in the recovery of Jerusalem. However, this “people’s crusade” attacked and massacred Jews in Rhineland. During the First Crusade, the goal of recapturing Jerusalem was accomplished but ended up with the lives of many Jews, Muslims and Christians in the process.
The Fourth Crusade took place in 1202 until 1204, called by Pope Innocent III in order to recapture the city of Jerusalem which was controlled by the Muslims. Instead of recapturing Jerusalem, the crusaders sacked Constantinople due to economic and political issues. The fourth Crusade is remembered for this event and they did not recover Jerusalem as intended in the first place.