Final answer:
The Great Compromise resolved how states would be represented in Congress, resulting in a bicameral legislature with equal representation in the Senate and population-based representation in the House of Representatives. It also led to the Three-Fifths Compromise on counting enslaved individuals for representation and taxation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Great Compromise
The conflict that the Great Compromise resolved was centered around how states would be represented in Congress. The debate was whether to allocate congressional representation based on state population or to provide equal representation for all states regardless of size. The Connecticut Compromise, another name for the Great Compromise, put forth a bicameral legislative structure. This structure consisted of two houses: the Senate, where each state would be equally represented with two senators, and the House of Representatives, where representation would be based on each state's population. This dual system assuaged the concerns of both larger states, who favored representation by population, and smaller states who feared being overpowered in a purely proportional system.
In the debate over slavery and representation, the Three-Fifths Compromise was reached, where enslaved individuals would count as three-fifths of a person for both representation and taxation purposes. This agreement allowed for a temporary resolution to the contentious issue of how enslaved individuals would factor into a state's population count without explicitly using the term "slave" in the Constitution.