To Germany: We do the total of trips to Germany, 8, divided by the total number of trips, 40, or 1 over 5.
To France or Spain: We add the totals of France and Spain to get 32, and divide this by the total, 40, to get 4 over 5.
To France by plane: We look only at the number of trips to France by plane specifically and see 3, then put this over the total, 40, to get the simplest form as 3 over 40.
To Spain by plane: We do the same process as France by plane, but with 6 trips, so the answer is 6 over 40, which simplifies to 3 over 20.
Hope this helps.