12.
![h(x) = (x+4)^2](https://img.qammunity.org/2019/formulas/mathematics/high-school/zmknq3t341oqk6l4884dx6m85jhc9kbk22.png)
The parent function is
.
This graph is translated 4 units to the left of vertex of the parent function.
16.
![g(x)= -x](https://img.qammunity.org/2019/formulas/mathematics/high-school/mfrqo500s33iwnwx42t0ql6hpzshlw01do.png)
Parent function y= x
Transformation: the graph g(x) is reflected about y- axis.
18. f(x)= -2
Parent function y= 2
Transformation - Reflection about x- axis.
20. g(X) = 4x
Parent function : y= x
Transformation: Vertical stretch/ compression.