Diagnostic Number 1.
Recall that an adjective is a word that describes a noun or pronoun. In this problem, we have these adjectives whose meaning in English is in parentheses:
A. Alto (tall)
B. Difícil (difficult)
C. Tonto (fool)
D. Grande (big)
E. Viejo (old)
So, the adjectives with opposite meaning are the following:
A. Bajo (short)
B. Fácil (easy)
C. Hábil (Skilled)
D. Pequeño (small)
E. Nuevo (new)
Diagnostic Number 2:
Nationality is the legal relationship between a person and a state. So, solving this problem we have that:
- Olivia es de Argentina → Olivia es Argentina
- El profesor es de Alemania → El profesor es Alemán.
- Carlos y yo somos de canadá → Carlos y yo somos Canadienses
- La turista es de Costa Rica → La turista es Costarricense
- Los Ingenieros son de España → Los Ingenieros son Españoles
- Margaret y Anne son de Inglaterra → Margaret y Anne son Inglesas
Diagnostic Number 3
3.1 La mujer / pelirrojo / enseñar / periodismo → La mujer pelirroja enseña periodismo
In this excercise the subject La mujer is feminine, therefore the adjective pelirrojo must match the feminine noun (pelirroja); enseña is a conjugation of the verb enseñar in the simple present that matches the third-person singular.
3.2 Las mochilas / ser / blanco/ y / azul → Las mochilas son blancas y azules
Son is the conjugation of the verb ser that matches the third-person plural. Moreover, the adjectives blanco y azul must match the subject both in number and gender; mochilas is a feminine noun given in the plural form, thus blanco changes to blancas and azul changes to azules.
3.3 ¿Los turistas / japonés / esperar / el autobús? → ¿Los turistas Japoneses esperan el autobús?
The nacionality Japonés is declared for a Japanese person. This word that is an adjective must match the subject of the sentence both in number and gender. Los turistas is the subject given in a plural and male form. Therefore, Japonés changes to Japoneses
3.4 Ustedes / tomar / mucho / pruebas / en la clase de español → Ustedes toman muchas pruebas en la clase de español
Toman is the conjugation of the verb tomar for the second-person plural (ustedes) in the simple present. Since the students take a lot of tests, that is, pruebas (tests) is a plural word, then the adverb mucho changes to the plural form muchos.
Diagnostic Number 4
In this item, we need to fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the correct adjectives. The correct forms and the explanation are as follows:
(1) Trabajadora: His mother is a worker woman (mujer trabajadora). Trabajadora is the feminine form of the adjective trabajador. Since the noun of this sentence is feminine, the adjective must agree in gender with the noun.
(2) Buena: Buena is the feminine form of the adjective bueno. Given that the person who writes the letter is talking about his/her mother as a teacher, the adjective must agree in gender with the noun. So, bueno changes to buena.
(3) Difíciles: Difíciles is the plural form of the adjective difícil (hard). In this sentence we are talking about exámenes (tests). So, given that there are more than one test, the adjective difícil must change to difíciles
(4) Chino: Arte chino is a popular topic on art. Chino, in this sentence, is an adjective. So, this adjective must agree with the noun of the sentence both in gender and number. The noun is arte, that is male and singular.
(5) Gran: When the adjective grande comes before the noun of a sentence, it can point out to someone or something that is notable. If grande comes before a singular noun, it becomes gran. So, she is a great woman.
Accordingly, the paragraph becomes:
Mi madre es muy trabajadora. Es artista y también enseña en una universidad. A los estudiantes les gusta mi madre porque es una profesora buena, pero ella da exámenes muy difíciles. Este semestre enseña dos clases de arte chino. Mi madre es una gran mujer, ¿verdad?